Nation and States Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

Nation and States - Assignment Example Therefore, characteristics that identify a state include existence of a form of government, an organized economy, recognition of other existing states and their territorial legitimacy (White 67). The above distinctions between a state and a nation imply for instance that the Chinese, Americans, French and Swedes are nations, but China, United States of America, France, and Sweden are states (Shelley ix). Sometimes there are no clear distinctions between the two especially when countries such as the United States and India include smaller units also referred to as â€Å"states† but internationally, the these countries are still recognized as states. There are also examples where some nations and states have a close connection such as the case of most Japanese people living in state of Japan while a majority those residing in the state of Japan are also Japanese nationals. There are also cases where nations exist in more than one state in addition to a single state having several nations. This is the case for Arabs who are the many states found in North Africa and South-west Asia. Several definitions have been used to describe the Arab nation including those who are from the lineage of people ancient Arabia, those who speak Arabic as first language and having citizenship of a country that belongs to the League of Arab States. However, there is no single state for all Arab natio nals but multiple states that include Qatar, Libya, Saudi Arabia and Egypt among others (Shelley ix). Several factors place a nation like the United States at an advantaged position over a state like Afghanistan.  

Art, science, and imagination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art, science, and imagination - Essay Example In particular the author has identified the changing technology to be the main factor in the determining changes that are eminent in our society. The culture image has over days changed due to the concept of receiving and perception of the images that are around us. Berger further states that the current demand for visualization of images is so high in our present world that the images end up being degraded by the same people visualizing them. According to Berger, one has to deeply understand something before appreciating it otherwise any judgment prior to this is unjust. All through the paper, he maintains that people always look at things and visualizes them even in dreams. However very few people do have the chance of showing interest on the actual happening of what they see rather their assumptions are always made from the things that they can see. Very few people find out what is happening in the inside and so make a lot of unjustified judgments. Due to this fact, he maintains t hat people have wrongly used the appearance instability to make judgments. He maintains that there is very minimal chance of a new product being made with its source being in direct contact with it. Most of the theories of Berger are justified but at some point, I fail to agree with him. I believe that there is a major role that anxiety plays in the understanding of how an object is like, to someone viewing it. This is because some viewers take no time to know what is inside the object that they are looking at. According to Berger, most of the viewers tend to be blind to the real life that they are living and as a result, they fail to understand what the real images that they see contain. As a result of this, communication in the current society is much complex. Wilson E.O presents a very contradicting idea to Berger’s ideas through his essay â€Å"The Bird of Paradise†. Depicting himself as a hunter and a poet, he links both the world of science and art. He narrates h ow he came into contact with nature in a research. Berger concludes that natural selection plays a major role in explaining how synthetic and analytic perspectives are reached. According to him, both work together to ensure the success of natural selection. This is contradictive to the theory of Berger in which he insists that the world of artists are based on theory, and how people interpret art and imagine personal things. This would therefore mean that the world of art and science are too complex to merge. In her essay, â€Å"Imagination and the Aesthetic Appreciation of Nature† Emily Brady maintains that the individual subject is vital to the appreciation of all forms of art. By so it means that every individual can appreciate art in their own way through visualization of any image. This is in contrast to Berger’s essay in which he maintains that visualizations without the deep understanding of an image are not possible. Emily insists that the aesthetic responses t o art are guided by the art itself and the individual preference. Therefore some people may not appreciate the work of an artist not because they have not looked at it from within but because of their own personal preference. I can deeply understand this theory in my daily life while playing piano. A year ago, I fell in love with Chopin’s music and started to practice it. During the first a few days of practicing, I focused mainly on the basic skills and closely followed the music paper, the accuracy of the notes, strength of the staccato, and the

Complete standardisation in International Marketing strategy is an Essay

Complete standardisation in International Marketing strategy is an impossible goal to achieve, and pursuing it will inevitably d - Essay Example Market conditions in one country may be very different from the conditions in another country. Policies, laws, culture, and other regulations, which determine the nature of the business environment, may cause the difference. The laws of operations from one company to another are usually different. Standards are usually derived from a certain cultural environment. They encompass some values that are necessarily designed to serve the interests of particular market situations. As such, their applications are suited to respond to certain needs and situations as dictated by the range of possibilities within a cultural milieu. Many companies regulate their operations in ways that respond to the kind of markets and situations. This regulation is aimed towards the actualization of certain conditions that apply within the specifics of the market. According to analysts, the variation of markets is shown in a range of factors that distinguish between one market and another (Parker, 2005, p. 51) . For instance, the levels of income, the nature of infrastructural development, the regulatory policies, and laws may apply differently from one region to another. This implies that the application of certain standards within the different regions would have significantly varied impacts. Therefore, the standards are usually designed in ways that provide synergies to one market while denying the same to another market situation. Advertising and marketing strategies are designed in ways that respond to certain standards and expectations. For instance, the message in the advertisement of a certain product may vary significantly in accordance with factors of culture, target clientele, levels of disposable income, and a range of other variables. These factors determine the kind of preference of one product to another. For instance, it is usually the norm that certain products deserve the application of strict standards as compared to others. Studies have shown that companies that operat e with some level of flexibility are more likely to yield positive results than those that are governed by some strict application of the standards. On this score, it becomes difficult to determine the kind of method that could apply equally across different operating environments. The field of operation in the United States may vary significantly from the one in Saudi Arabia. Products, goods, services, and processes in the two countries will ultimately be influenced by the nature of business environment between the two companies. For instance, the sale of mobile telephone services would be tailored on the specific cultural features that apply within one kind of market. The marketing strategy in Saudi Arabia would involve the appropriation of some kind of conservatism that is consistent with the nature of the market and the culture of the people. On the other hand, marketing and advertisement in the United States would entail some specific elements of the American culture of consume rism. This would entail an active search of products that fit into the scheme and preferences of the target clientele. The standards of the language used in the advertisement would necessarily involve the application of methods and strategies that suit the aspirations and preferences of the dominant population. It would be impossible for any success to attend to the specific needs of the society. It would be important to determine the

Strategic Planning for Digital Marketing CommunicationsSummative Essay

Strategic Planning for Digital Marketing CommunicationsSummative Assessment - Essay Example The global recession has heavily impacted the economy of the United Kingdom which led to the proportionate increase in the prices of the goods and commodities. Less availability of cash to the public had extremely slowed down its business flow resulting in stagnancy. Though the food and drinks industry did not come to a static point but it received a massive blow as the food and drinking habits found cheaper avenues and the major food joints were largely affected (Pesto,2013). 1a (ii) Business Challenges – Savy Consumers With the United Kingdom (UK) grappling under recession, unemployment and other related difficulties the consumers become excessively choosy in matters of expenses. United Kingdom (UK) has been languishing under unemployment for a very long time, and as a result there has been huge amount of change in their expense habits. They have been reduced to the basic requirement items, which saw a large drop of sale in the luxury items and other high value good and serv ices. The non-promising state of the recovery of the economy, poor economic policies of the government has also failed to assure the citizens of economic security and sustainability. As a result, the consumers concentrated more on saving than on spending. The minimal expenses made by the consumers were on the essential commodities and cheaper versions of luxury items that made them satisfied of using luxury items in exchange of lesser money. In such a situation it became significantly difficult for a business house to sell their items and make a considerable profit for sustaining themselves (Pesto,2013). Industry Challenges 1a (iii) Industry Challenges – Market Competition Zouk being one of the differentiated restaurants located in a popular hub is a symbol of class and luxury. Such a differentiated brand is an added advantage for the kind of life style led by the citizens of the United Kingdom until affected by the economic downturn. Since the world recession and unemploymen t for a longer time has affected the normal functioning of the United Kingdom, the food and beverages industry has also been noticeable affected. The consumer preference has shifted from high end luxury wining and dining experiences to the less costly food stalls. The cheaper food items pose great competition and a threat to the profit margin of the Zouk’s which is specializes in quality food and food experiences. 1a (iv) Industry Challenges – Consumer Perception Zouk has been established as a high ended, luxury restaurant that offers great cuisine experiences. In the face of long term unemployment and great economic recession has left people with low disposable incomes and great uncertainty that looms over their future. In such a scenario, such branded and luxury avenues remain a distant object that hardly anyone would like to visit. The consumer preference shifts to cheaper food and food joints. The same perception that earned Zouk the present status has adversely af fected its business in the time of this economic recession and a prolonged tenure of unemployment that has engulfed entire United Kingdom. In order to attract the consumers it has to offer the less costly products but it will give rise to different speculations regarding the quality of the offered menu. The customers would doubt the quality of the food in the menu because of its availability in lower prices. It has the possibility of adversely affecting the image of the restaurant and its brand

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Versailles Essay The Members of the League recognize that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations.The Council, taking account of the geographical situation and circumstances of each State, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every ten years. After these plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council. The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objections. The Council shall advice how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary to their safety. The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval, and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries as are adaptable to war-like purposes. The Members of the League recognize that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations. The Council, taking account of the geographical â€Å"situations† and circumstances of each state, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every â€Å"five years.† After theses plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council. The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objection. The Council shall advise how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety. The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval, and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries are adaptable to war-like purposes. A permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Council on the execution of the provisions of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval, and air questions generally. A permanent Commission shall be constituted as having as members representing all nations to advice the Council on the Execution of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval, and air questions generally. Sources: http://net.lib.byu.edu/-rdh/wwwi/versa1.html â€Å"Treaty of Verailles† Microsoft Encarta 2006 (DVD). Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2005.

One Lie Leads to Another Essay Example for Free

One Lie Leads to Another Essay Lying is when a person does not tell the truth or does not tell all the facts. Why do people lie? There may be many different opinions and maybe even many different excuses of why people lie. One thing is right thought and that is that lying is considered morally wrong in our society. In the United States Army lying is considered one of the most immoral actions a soldier or anyone else can take towards the army, especially if it’s lying to an NCO. In the army there is a zero tolerance for liars and lying in general. Even thought lying is morally wrong people continue to lie in their everyday lives. As a soldier one must not fall into the temptation or fall below one’s army values and code of conduct. As a soldier one is looked upon and trusted to tell the truth no matter what. Lying to an NCO or officer is not the correct choice for a soldier to make no matter what kind of situation he has gone through, as a soldier you are expected to always respond with the truth and nothing but the truth. One of the reasons a soldier should not lie to an NCO is because Like I said before you might turn lying into another one of your habits in your lifestyle just like smoking and drinking. That is why, as a soldier of the United States Army one must always maintain his integrity and commit himself to always say the truth. Society and other fellow soldiers look up to you and lay their trust on you. But all that trust that is deposited to you by others can go out the window when you tell a lie. You may need another lie to cover your first lie and that is how it might keep going unless you tell the truth or you get caught on the spot. Just like the other habits it may not be so easy to break away from and just like the other habits it might not be good at all, for yourself and the others around you. Lying only keeps getting you into more and more trouble so the best thing to do is to always stick to the truth and wait for the best. He may have to face severe consequences like physical labor or other types of military corrective actions. Lying also only leads to more and more lies. Now his punishment might have been doubled because of that. e if he is caught lying he might find himself in a worst situation. One lie leads to another and then to another and so on and so on. The NCOs can be looked upon as the representatives of the people in the United States Army and lying to them can be viewed as lying to the people. You now hold a large responsibility in your hands as soon as you wear the uniform of the United States Army.

Critical success factors: Marks and Spencer

Critical success factors: Marks and Spencer Company Background In 1894, Micheal Marks, created a joint venture with Tom Spencer to enter the retailing business (company website). In 1904, the first shop opened at Cross Arcade in Leeds, West Yorkshire. The Marks Spencer (M S), celebrated their 120th anniversary in the year 2004 and for companys chief Executive position, Stuart Rose was appointed. The company was originally headquartered in Baker Street, London for many years, but later it shifted their registered office, at Waterside House, Paddington. At present, the company runs worldwide 600 stores, of which in UK alone 450 are located and 150 outlets remaining operating in 30 countries around the globe. In the year 2005, the company sales was amounted to US$14.6 billion with a market value of US$ 11.6 billion and profits at US$1.1 million and total assets of the company was US$8.1 billion. In retailing industry, Mark and Spencer are successful for several reasons. First, in terms of market understanding, they have created brand image, and provided a clear image to the consumers. In fact, their market strategy was not much deviated and thus much focused and moreover, they havent confused the consumers with competing brands. Another contributing factor to their success, was their proactive approach to human resources as in the UK, since many employees belongs to Marks and Spencer. In addition, it is likely that future employees and customers are familiar with current employees for Marks and Spencer who would be active in the decisions that in turn affect their jobs. Marks and Spencers one of the critical success factors is that they understand their customers by offering good value for the prices they charge rather than focusing only on price. Furthermore, the company could assure the same level of quality for goods throughout all their stores firstly, by using brand of St.Michael throughout the store and secondly, with their suppliers, they have exercised considerable control (by virtue of their size and the influence they have on their vendors). Marks and Spencer, relationship that has with its suppliers would be good for the company, however, for the suppliers, such relationship is difficult. Since company maintains such large customers that could dictate terms and conditions, but if it came from other customers, that would not be acceptable by the company. The companys other important critical success factors are efficient supply chain activities and an appropriate store inventory system. Main Organisational Challenges in Managing Global Supply Chain Today, a corporate challenge for each and every organization facing would be the acquirement of customer loyalty. Increase in competitors, expansion of market place, and provision of profitability by the customers would all work towards the advantages of the host organization. In addition, change in business pattern made customers to change their buying behaviour too. In order to meet the change in demands and address the change in consumer behaviour, organization administration had shifted their attention towards customer oriented for the purpose of being successful in business. To be success in the market, the companys need to entirely reformulate their predictable outlook of their business and shift from process-focused to customer-centred is an important leap towards competitive edge and service efficiency. In todays business environment, with the advancement of technological innovations, logical decisions about delivery operations, warehousing, stockholding and scale of economie s get more complex solutions. In managing the global supply chain, the following are considered as main organizational challenges. Innovation of products and development In order to survive in the competitive world of growing market of the business, the efforts wield in hunting for opportunities which are of potential in terms of profit making and development of new products based as per the requirement of target market would be valuable. In general, before started operating a profit-oriented company, there must be products that is being offered. The change in preference of the consumer and their lifestyle prompted each and every company worldwide to target on their offerings by creating innovative products and improving their existing products. Superior customer service satisfaction: Experts from the Marketing field stated that â€Å"in achieving business success, all you need is a customer† (1998). In addition, they further explained that the concepts and theories are no longer necessary on how to manage the concern and problem solving is also not guaranteed to be efficient. Effective implementation of Marketing Mix: According to and , Marketing mix is the â€Å"standardised set of fitting marketing variables that every business and any other profit-motivated industry implements, in order to come up with a desirable outcome or answer on the target market they choose to penetrate†. They are popularly called as 4Ps, consists of product, price, place and promotion. Marks and Spencer, and the management, used marketing mix efficiently and moreover it noteworthy to restate their research on marketing mix that with the constant research and development in all 4ps, today, in the UK retailing market, their product remained as the global leader, thus they could able to maintain their product with high quality. Competition: The first problem encountered in every business environment is the adverse competition. Companies always looks competitor product in a different way, as they examine their products by dismantle in different parts and compare with their own products, this tactics was used because, in order to make sure that competitor product is no way different from the existing product, if it so, then that part alone would be copied or adapted. They use this as a benchmarking and extend this concept to every process of their business. According to . (1994), to compare performance between competitors, competitive benchmarking has been utilized, where as to compare performance of a business or production process, process benchmarking has been used, this is not necessarily among competitors. In the same way, as discussed above, if Competitor Company has a better process or operation, then benchmarking company would tried to adapt or copies to their own needs. Conclusion In order to remain in todays global competitive economy, key strategic initiatives for companies like MS from the point of view of supply chain Management (SCMS), are service improving and costs reduction (1998). The SCM is one of the business strategies, which focuses on the quick response to needs of ever-changing market and lead time of shortened purchasing and in addition, add values to demanding customers, who has been increased recently at the minimum time and cost (2002). Relying on a single party, would not be feasible today to fulfil the sophisticated needs of customers, thus requires a full collaboration, integration, a total commitment and synchronization among all business partners (1999). Marks Spencer, as a profit-oriented organization is purely dedicated to provide products, with the benefit to their employees, protects the environment, and customers who utilizes them. The firm is striving to maintain their dedication, by showing their extreme interest to both the external and internal environment in which they operates. MS and its management, in building and sustaining supplier relationship would easily refer to present culture of supply existing culture being used by their company presently throughout the operations of long years. In order to retain good supplier relationship, integration and acquisition are potential methods. In addition, awareness increase to the conditions of subsidiaries and affiliates would determine somewhat about the potency of the company. To international success of subsidiaries, training and retention are deemed crucial (and 2003). Although the company is successful in term of customer satisfaction, there are certain critics to the comp any, who are really not satisfied with the business performance. As available figures and statements from expertise revealed that in order to better stay with their competitions, continuous effort has been taken to make sure that they are will be the better if not best and works above the standards. Thus, managerial decision would always work towards the company stated vision. The distinctive competence of MS in terms of applications, technical expertise, managerial aptitude are the important foundation of heterogeneity, that would substantially become an factor of competitive advantage of sustainable. According to (1995), â€Å"corporate success is based on the distinctive capabilities of the firm those things, often the product of its particular history, which competitors cannot reproduce even after others realize the benefits these capabilities bring to the company that enjoys them† (). Thus, with the effective implementation of the concepts mentioned, and competitive adv antages in an organization is not beyond its reach.